Geography 
Oman is situated in the southeastern part of the Arabian Peninsula and estimated covers a total land area of approximately 300,000 square kilometers. Its marine borders the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf. The land area is composed of varying topographic features: valleys and desert account for 82 percent of the land mass; mountain ranges, 15 percent; and the coastal plain, 3 percent. The country shares land borders with United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west and Yemen to the southwest. Its capital city is Muscat that lies along the northern coast. The city serves as a port and commercial center.
 
The northernmost part of Oman, the Musandam Peninsula, is separated from the rest of the country by a strip of land belonging to the United Arab Emirates. The peninsula is comprised mostly of low hills and mountains. In the north, a narrow and fertile coastal plain front the Gulf of Oman; from there the land rises into the rugged Hajar Mountains. Central and southeast, a few scrubby hills and low mountains dot the central desert landscape and coastal areas. In the west, the pebbly, desert-like land slopes gently into the sands of the Rub' Al Khali Desert. There are no perennial rivers or lakes of note. Oman's highest point is Jabal Akhdar which reaches 9,776 ft. (2,980 m).
 
The population of the Sultanate of Oman is about 5.1 million (as of July 2020). Most of Omanis are Muslim with about 90 percent of the population and the remaining a portion are non-Muslim sect such as Christians, Hindus, Buddhists and Jews. Arabic is the official language in the country.
 
Best Time to Visit 
The best time to visit Oman is during winter time, the month between of October to March, the weather is usually pleasant and cool. The months of April and May, spring time, are also good but it is warmer. The months between from June to September are peak summer season and the weather can be scorching hot.
 
Dress Code 
Keep in mind that Oman is a Muslim country, dressing appropriately in public places is a must. Women should wear loose clothing with arms and shoulders covered. Carrying a shawl is also a must if you are visiting religious sites. Skirts and dresses should be at least below knee length but trousers are better option. When visiting religious sites or buildings both men are women are required to wear full length trousers.
 
Health & Safety 
It is recommended that you avail a valid travel insurance prior you visit Oman. As this serves as a protection from mishaps such as cancelled flight, mislaid baggage and most importantly when you got injured or fall ill when travelling.
All the main cities in the country are equipped with modern hospitals and well-stocked pharmacies. Tap water is safe to drink, while even the country’s cheapest cafés maintain good standards of food hygiene. One possible health concern is the heat. Summer temperatures regularly climb into the forty-degree Celsius range, making sunburn, heatstroke and acute dehydration a real possibility, especially if combined with excessive alcohol consumption. Stay in the shade, and drink lots of water.
 
Currency 
The local currency is Omani Rial (abbreviated OR or OMR) which is equals to 1,000 Baisa. Banknotes are denominated in 100, 200 and 500 Baisa and in 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 rials. Coins are denominated in 5, 10, 25 and 50 Baisa.
 
Tipping  
Tipping is not customary in Oman, but visitors can do so if they appreciate a good service. A tip of 10 percent is considered norm at hotels and restaurants.
 
Photography 
Photography is permitted in the Sultanate of Oman and it is the perfect destination as this country offers a beautiful scenery. When taking photographs of the locals make sure you first ask permission to them, most especially women, to avoid offence. Photography of government building and military sites are not allowed.
 
Internet Access 
Internet access is available in many mid-ranges and all high-end hotels, either via cable or Wi-Fi. There are also a few numbers of internet café in some cities such as Muscat, Salalah, Nizwa and Khasab. Other places that are not mentioned, can be a real struggle to find anywhere to get online.
Sim cards in Oman are expensive, Omantel is the most popular one. They offer an entry plan for tourist that are planning to travel in the country, which is enough for short-term stay.
 
Alcohol 
For tourist and visitors, it is possible for them to buy alcoholic beverages in licensed venues like hotels, restaurant and clubs only. It is punishable offence to drink alcohol or be drunk in public. During the month of Ramadan, alcohol is not available in the entire country.
 
Climate 
Oman has a desert climate with an average annual rainfall of 100 millimeters, declining to 50 millimeters in the interior. In the mountains rainfall can rise to 350 millimeters. Summer winds in sandy desert areas can cause heavy sand and dust storms. There are periodic droughts and periods of heavy rainfall, which can cause temporary floods. There is a strong south-west summer monsoon or kharif (May to September) in the southern area. Dhofar region, which has a light monsoon climate and receives cool winds from the Indian Ocean during the months of mid-June to mid-September.
 
Electricity 
In Oman the power plugs and sockets are of type G. The standard voltage is 240 V and the standard frequency is 50 Hz.
 
Tourism in Oman 
Oman has one of the most diverse environments in the Middle East with various tourist attractions and is well known for adventure and cultural tourism. The ranges of adventure sport activities in Oman varies from caving, abseiling, rock-climbing, mountain-biking, kayaking and hiking. And for more traditional insight, you may visit Oman during its annual Islamic festivals. Below are the cities and attractions that you must visit in Oman.
Muscat – As the country’s capital city, one must begin their journey here and visiting the Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque is on everyone’s top list.
 
Sur – This city is famous for the craftsmanship with boat or traditional “Dhows”. This is also the perfect place to visit exotic beaches and try some local Omani delicacies.
 
Nizwa – One of the oldest cities of the Sultanate, this was once a center of education and art. The city, famous for its historical monuments, handicrafts and agricultural products, has an expansive Souq showcasing a wonderful array of handicrafts - coffee pots, swords, leather goods, silverware, antiques, and household utensils.
 
Al Hajar Mountains – This mountainous region is one of Oman's famous tourist destinations as it offers varies activities for adventurers such as trekking, rock climbing, canyoning, and off-road exploration. In addition to outdoor activities, there are numerous sights of historic, cultural, and geological interest.
 
Mussanah – It is the home of Oman's navy, docked at Wudum naval base. Quite fittingly, then, the town has also earned itself a name as the destination of choice for nautical adventures.
 
Responsible Travel  
-Sight-seeing tours are operated and led by a local guide and/or local drivers.
-Buying traditional silverwares, frankincense and woven Omani scarf are few souvenirs that you can buy at local markets.
-Respect the wildlife. Avoid or do not engage with those who are selling wildlife products as they can be endangered species that are poached.
-Plastic bottles are one of the biggest pollutions make sure you bring your own water bottle with you, or buy the biggest bottle you can to minimize the amount of plastic you’re going to dispose.
-Be respectful with local customs, if in case you travel the country in during the period of Ramadan, do not eat, drink or smoke in public places during daylight hours and dress sensibly.
Geography
United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates along the eastern coast of Arabian Peninsula. Located in Middle East, UAE is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the west and south, Oman to the east and north east. Abu Dhabi is its capital city. The total land area is 83,600 Km2 (32,278 sq. miles). UAE is largely an arid land with vast sand deserts, but is also characterized by sand dunes, oases, rocky mountains, valleys, marshes and mangroves and salt plains.
 
The estimated population of UAE is about 9.8 million (as of July 2020). There are more than 200 nationalities living and working in the UAE. The expatriate community outnumbers the population of UAE nationals. Indians form the largest foreign community in the UAE, followed by Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, other Asians, Europeans and Africans. Islam is the largest and official state religion. Practice of other religion is allowed by the government. Besides mosques, the UAE is also home to several churches and temples where worshipers practice their religions in an atmosphere of safety, security and mutual respect. The official language of the UAE is Arabic. English is also widely spoken in the country. All road and traffic signs and signs on commercial outlets are in Arabic and English.
 
Best Time to Visit 
The best time to visit UAE is between the months of October and February. The weather at this time of the year is cool and neither too hot or humid. This makes a perfect time to visit some sites and do some travelling.
 
Dress Code 
When visiting UAE remember to dress modestly, particularly in public places like shopping malls and conservative areas. Both men and women might feel more comfortable wearing loose-fitting clothes that cover shoulders, arms and legs. Avoid wearing transparent clothing, sleeveless tops and short skirts or shorts. Any form of nudity is strictly forbidden.
When visiting a mosque, women will be asked to respect the Muslim tradition and wear an abaya and cover their heads. Often, these would be provided at the mosque.
 
Health & Safety 
UAE is a very safe country to travel. In fact, it is among the safest countries in the world. In tourist areas, petty crime, such as pickpocketing and bag snatching, occurs but is rare. Avoid walking alone after dark in isolated places, including pedestrian underpasses. Be prepared for extreme weather. Between June and September, temperatures can exceed 50°C. Sand and dust storms are also common. In extreme heat, stay out of the sun and drink plenty of water.
 
Healthcare facilities in the UAE are generally adequate. However, services might not be available in remote areas. You may have to pay up-front before treatment. Make sure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment abroad and repatriation.
 
Currency Information 
The local currency in UAE is Dirham (AED or Dh) which is divided into 100 fils. Coins are in 5, 10, 25 and 50 fils and AED1. Notes are in denominations of AED5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000.
 
Currency exchanges and banking facilities are available at most major airports and many are open 24 hours a day. But exchange rates might not be favorable at these outlets. More competitive rates can be obtained from city-centre financial establishments. ATMs can be found in all shopping malls, major supermarkets, most petrol stations and the airport.
 
Tipping 
Tipping is not expected, but is commonly practiced in the Emirate.
For restaurants, taxes and service charge are already in the bill. If you feel being generous or you were given an excellent service the usual amount is between 10-15 percent of the bill.
For hotelier or front liners, normal amount is AED 5-10. But, tip is not expected, staff will not be insulted if you don’t give any.
For Tour guide/driver, 5-10 percent of the tour price per person.
For taxi drivers, usually you round up your fare to the nearest note and let the driver keep the change.
 
Photography 
Taking photos of people, especially women and families, in public places shall not be taken without their permission. Taking photos of people is sensitive issue in UAE’s local culture. Taking photograph of government buildings and military installations are not allowed. Photographing aircraft and plane spotting is illegal as well.
 
Internet Access 
Most of the hotels offer free Wi-Fi to their guests. Public places such as mall also provide free access to Wi-Fi.
Etisalat and du telcom provide mobile phone and internet services in the UAE. Mobile phone reception and internet speed are excellent throughout the UAE. Both providers offer visitor line plan or either tourist plan with various options for making local and international calls, sending text messages and surfing the internet. Visitors need to provide a copy of their passport and UAE visa in order to obtain a local SIM card.
 
Alcohol 
It is punishable offense to drink alcohol without a license. Drinking in public or being under the influence of alcohol in public is punishable offense. In emirate of Sharjah, drinking alcohol is illegal.
 
Climate 
The climate in UAE is hot and humid. Rainfall is sporadic, falling mainly during winter time (November-March). The hottest months are July and August with maximum temperature of 45°C (113°F). Average minimum temperatures in January and February are between 10 and 14 °C (50 and 57 °F).
 
Electricity 
Within the United Arab Emirates, including Dubai, the associated plug type is C or the standard European plug, type D that are mostly used in India, Pakistan and Nepal & last is type G, the plug that has three rectangular pins in a triangular pattern. Dubai operates on a 220-230V supply voltage and 50Hz.
 
The Seven Emirates  
Abu Dhabi – Abu Dhabi is the largest emirate in the United Arab Emirates occupying about 84 percent of the national landmass territory. Abu Dhabi City is the federal capital of UAE. It is rich in natural wonders, where the famous Liwa oasis and Al Ain Garden city can be found. Abu Dhabi is also a centre for world-class sporting event such as: the Abu Dhabi Golf Championship, the prestigious Abu Dhabi Desert Challenge cross-country rally and the Formula One Abu Dhabi Grand Prix.
 
Dubai – Dubai is the second largest emirate. It was called ‘Pearl of the Gulf’ and ‘Jewel of the world’ because of its heritage and history. Dubai City is the capital of the emirate. Dubai boasts of world-class hotels, modern architecture, entertainment and dining venues, traditional markets, shopping centers and sporting events. Some of the major tourist attractions in the emirate are the wadis of Hatta, the sail-shaped Burj Al Arab hotel, which is also the world's only seven-star hotel and Burj Khalifa, which is the world's tallest skyscraper.
 
Sharjah – Sharjah is the third largest emirate. It is well known for its beautiful landscapes and seascapes. Sharjah also known for its architectural and cultural wealth. Its touristic sites include historical areas like Heart of Sharjah and modern sites like Al Qasba and Al Majaz waterfront.
 
Ajman – Ajman is the smallest of the seven emirates. It is located along a central creek with a beautiful 16-kilometer-long stretch of white sandy beach. It is famous for its stunning beaches, Masfout Mountains, nature reserves and parks, Masfout Castle, Red Fort and the 18th century Ajman Fort which was converted into Ajman Museum.
 
Umm Al Quwain – Umm Al Quwain is the second smallest and least populated emirate. Umm Al Quwain is situated between Sharjah to the southwest and Ras Al Khaimah to the northeast. The city of Umm Al Quwain is built on a narrow peninsula called Khor Al Bidiyah.  The emirate is known for its numerous recreational activities; from sailing to diving. Traditional activities such as dhow building and sports such as falconry and camel racing are also popular in the emirate. Dreamland Aqua Park, the UAE's largest water park and resort attracts several visitors.
 
Ras Al Kahimah – Ras Al Khaimah is the capital and fourth largest emirate. Currently, Ras Al Khaimah is reinventing itself as a tourism hub. It is often described as the most scenic of all the emirates because of its diverse landscape consisting of sandy deserts, coastal strips with salt flats areas, mangroves and mountains.
 
Fujairah – Fujairah is the only emirate that is situated on the eastern coast of the UAE along the Gulf of Oman. Its economy is based on fishing and agriculture. Its land is irrigated by rainwater from the Hajjar Mountains. Fujairah is distinguished with its rugged mountains, valleys, waterfalls, oases and wide sandy beaches. It has several hot, cold and mineral springs. Fujairah is distinguished with its rugged mountains, valleys, waterfalls, oases and wide sandy beaches. It has several hot, cold and mineral springs. Wadi Al Wurayah waterfalls and Ain Al Madhab Gardens are major touristic attractions. And so are the historic Al Bidya Mosque and the Heritage Village.
 
Responsible Travel 
-Sight-seeing tours are operated and led by a local guide and/or local drivers.
-We encourage clients to buy handmade artifacts from the local producers like Persian carpets and rugs, gold jewelries, milk chocolates, dried dates, Arabic attar, Arabic coffee and spices.
-Help in conserving resources such as water and energy. Keep in mind that most cities in UAE is surrounded by desert and there is a lack of fresh water.
-Littering and spitting in public places are considered offence and subjected to fines.
-When camping at the desert, avoid causing pollution or throwing waste, as these are also subject to fines. This also applies with marine environment.